Volume 06 Issue 11 November 2023
1Handoko Hadiyanto, 2Armelly
1,2Lecturer of the Economic Development, Department of the Economic and Business, University of Bengkulu, Jln. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu Indonesia.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i11-36Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to find out the general description of the characteristics of underemployment and the influence of the field enterprises, marital status, education, age and area of residence to the underemployment in Bengkulu Province. This study is applied research. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis. The data used are secondary data from the National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) in August 2022. Based on the results of processing with SPSS 22.0 it is known that the four explanatory variables in this study significantly influence the underemployment in Bengkulu Province. The explanatory variables that influence underemployment in Bengkulu Province were marital status, education level, age and area of residence. Workers with characteristics of marriage, middle-educated, middle-aged or adult, and living in urban areas are most likely to be underemployment with opposite characteristics, i.e. unmarried, low-educated, young and living in rural areas. The results of the study is known that the four explanatory variables in this study significantly influence the underemployment in Bengkulu Province. The explanatory variables that influence underemployment in Bengkulu Province were marital status, education, age and area of residence. Workers with characteristics of marriage, middle-educated, middle-aged or adult, and living in urban areas are most likely to be underemployment with opposite characteristics, i.e. unmarried, low-educated, young and living in rural areas.
KEYWORDS:underemployment, field enterprises, marital status, education, age and area of residence and logistic regression analysis
REFERENCES1) Ananta, Aris. 1991. Beberapa Skenario Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia 1990: Suatu Pendekatan Baru. Jakarta: Lembaga Demografi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.
2) Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional [Sakernas Agustus 2019]: Pedoman Pencacahan, Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik
3) Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. 2021. Keadaan Angkatan Kerja Provinsi Bengkulu Agustus 2019, Bengkulu: Perum Percetakan Negara RI Cabang Bengkulu
4) Bellante, D. & Jackson, M. (1990). Ekonomi Ketenagakerjaan. (Terjemahan Wimandjaja K. Liotohe dan M. Yasin). Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.
5) Congress of the United States Congressional Budget Office (CUSCBO). 2007. Long-term unemployment. CBO Paper No. 2765.
6) Dhanani, S. 2004. Unemployment and Underemployment in Indonesia. 1976-2000: Paradoxes and Issues. Jakarta: Working Paper ILO
7) Erwidodo. 1993. Evaluasi perkembangan tingkat upah di sektor pertanian. Pusat Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian. Bogor.
8) Hosmer, David W. and Stanley, Lemeshow. 1989. Applied Logistic Regression, Canada: John Wiley & Sons. Inc
9) Huda, dkk. 2018. Determinan Pengangguran Terdidik Jawa Timur. E-Journal ekonomi Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 2018, Vol. V (1): 48-52
10) Kaufman, B. E. & Hotckiss j. L. (2006). The Economics of Labor Markets. Thomson : South Western.
11) Khan, T. & Yousaf, F. (2013). Unemployment Duration Of First Time Job Seekers: A Case Study Of Bahawalpur. Asian Journal of Economic Modelling. 1(1): 8-19
12) Ngadi. 2005. "Pengangguran terbuka dan setengah pengangguran di Indonesia periode 19962004: konsep, isu dan implikasi kebijakan". Warta Demografi. 35 (4). Lembaga Demografi FEUI.Depok
13) Pasay, N.H.A. & Indrayanti, R. (2012). Pengangguran, Lama Mencari Kerja, dan Reservation Wage Tenaga Kerja Terdidik. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia. 12(2): 116-135.
14) Purnastuti, L., Wahyuni, D., Mustofa. (2015). Analisis Tingkat Pengembalian Investasi Pendidikan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Prosiding. Yogyakarta: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
15) Putra dan Iskandar. 2018. Determinan Pengangguran Usia Muda Perkotaan dan Pedesaan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Terapan Desember 2018: 03 (2): 44-70 ISSN 2541-1470
16) Rachbini, Didik. 2012. Pengangguran Terselubung Menyimpan 'Bom Waktu'. https://kemenperin.go.id/artikel/5212/Pengangguran-Terselubung-Menyimpan-%27Bom-Waktu%27 [diakses tanggal 11 Juli 2020]
17) Rusastra, I. W dkk. 2015. "Analisis Ekonomi Ketenagakerjaan Sektor Pertanian dan Perdesaan di Indonesia". Laporan Eksekutif. Bogor: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian
18) Sullivan, T.A. and P.M. Hauser. 1989. The Labor Utilization Framework: Assumption, Data, and Policy Implication. Natinoal Commision on Employment and Unemployment Statistics. Washington, DC.
19) Soeprobo, T. B. 2012. Indonesia Youth Employment, Prepared for ILO/Japan Tripartite Regional Meeting on Youth Employment in Asia and the Pacific Bangkok, 27 February-1 March 2012.
20) Sugiyono, Laeli. 2018. Teka-teki Pengangguran Terselubung. https://www.suaramerdeka.com/ smcetak/baca/131768/ teka-teki-pengangguran-terselubung [diakses tanggal 11 Juli 2020]
21) Supriyati, Saptana dan Sumedi. 2014. Dinamika Ketenagakerjaan dan Penyerapan tenaga Kerja di perdesaan Jawa (kasus di Propinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. SocioEconomic of Agriculture and Agribusiness. Vol. 4 No.2. Bali: Universitas Udayana.
22) Sutomo, Hedi. 2004. Pengangguran di Kota, suatu Analisis terhadap Pemuda dan Golongan Kerja dalam angkatan Kerja Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali.
23) Tansel, A. & Tasci H. M. (2004). Determinants of Unemployment Duration for Men and Women in Turkey. IZA Discussion Paper No. 1258.
24) Wardhana, A., Kharisma, B., dan Ibrahim, YF. 2019. Pengangguran Usia Muda di Jawa Barat (Menggunakan Data Sakernas). E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana 8.9 (2019): 1049-1062
25) Widodo, dkk. 2014. "Pengangguran TerselubUing di Perdesaan Jawa Tengah. Studi Kasus Kabupaten Temanggung". Jakarta: Puslit Kependudukan LIPI.