March 2024

Volume 07 Issue 03 March 2024
Exploring Elements of Inclusive Community Development: Insights from Sinau Bareng with Emha Ainun Nadjib
1Ach Saifullah, 2Mokh. Fakhruddin Siswopranoto
1Institut Agama Islam Bani Fattah Jombang, Indonesia
2Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Al Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang, Indonesia
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i03-43

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

The exploration and application of elements in organizations and communities can be an essential foundation for building inclusive and equitable communities. This study aims to describe the relationship of elements in building an inclusive and fair community in Sinau Bareng with Emha Ainun Nadjib. This qualitative research uses a descriptive approach. Researchers used three data mining techniques: comprehensive interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. This research study shows that the elements in Sinau Bareng are advocacy of social responsibility, ethical foundations, critical-creative thinking, transcendental leadership, and inclusive and equitable community development. Those elements make up an inclusive and equitable community. Social responsibility advocacy produces positive and sustainable change by considering the needs of individuals or groups. The ethical foundation guarantees that organizations act pretty, honestly, responsibly, and transparently. Critical, creative thinking is essential in promoting social responsibility, inclusive and equitable community development, and the practice of transcendental leadership. Transcendental leadership emphasizes the importance of transcendent leaders' inspiration, direction, and guidance in taking individuals and organizations to greater heights. Inclusive and equitable community-building accepts and supports diversity, respects individual needs and aspirations, and ensures fair treatment for all members.

KEYWORDS:

Community-building, Inclusive, Equitable, Leadership, Emha Ainun Nadjib, Sinau Bareng

REFERENCES
1) Aall, P., & Helsing, J. W. (2021). Non-governmental organizations. In P. Aall & D. Snodderly (Eds.), Responding to Violent Conflicts and Humanitarian Crises: A Guide to Participants (pp. 53–87). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59463-3_3

2) AB Wahab, M. (2021). Is an unsustainability environmentally unethical? Ethics orientation, environmental sustainability engagement, and performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 294, 126240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126240

3) Afsar, B., & Umrani, W. A. (2020). Corporate social responsibility and pro-environmental behavior at the workplace: The role of moral reflectiveness, coworker advocacy, and environmental commitment. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(1), 109–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1777

4) Ainscow, M. (2020). Inclusion and equity in education: Making sense of global challenges. Prospects, 49(3–4), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09506-w

5) Aljarah, A., Dalal, B., Ibrahim, B., & Lahuerta-Otero, E. (2022). The attribution effects of CSR motivations on brand advocacy: psychological distance matters! Service Industries Journal, 42(7–8), 583–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2022.2041603

6) Allen, S., & Fry, L. W. (2023). A Framework for Leader, Spiritual, and Moral Development. Journal of Business Ethics, 184(3), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05116-y

7) Ario, A. R., Djoudalbaye, B., Olatinwo, S., Omaar, A., Stelter, R., & Suryantoro, L. (2023). National interagency collaboration for public health. In Modernizing Global Health Security to Prevent, Detect, and Respond (pp. 37–51). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90945-7.00006-3

8) Asri, A., Al-Anshori, F., & Lullulangi, M. (2023). Dissemination of environmental learning model using video documentary as an effort to mitigate environmental problems of coastal populations. Applied Environmental Education and Communication, 22(3–4), 213–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/1533015X.2023.2268628

9) Banks, G. C., Knapp, D. J., Lin, L., Sanders, C. S., & Grand, J. A. (2022). Ethical decision making in the 21st century: A useful framework for industrial-organizational psychologists. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 15(2), 220–235. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2021.143

10) Barbera, R. A. (2022). Economic Inequality and Social Justice. In Human Rights and Social Justice (pp. 81–95). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003111269-7

11) Barr, T. L., & Nathenson, S. L. (2022). A Holistic Transcendental Leadership Model for Enhancing Innovation, Creativity and Well-Being in Health Care. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 40(2), 157–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/08980101211024799

12) Becker, D. (2023). Kant’s moral and political philosophy. In The Age of German Idealism: Routledge History of Philosophy Volume 6 (pp. 68–102). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003419525-4

13) Bermeo, J. O., & Perez, M. A. (2022). Trends in human talent management of and impact on inclusive organizational culture. In Handbook of Research on Promoting an Inclusive Organizational Culture for Entrepreneurial Sustainability (pp. 241–263). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5216-5.ch013

14) Bhagwan, R., Naidu, L., & Panwar, M. (2022). Transcending university boundaries: Community engagement as a tool to enhance social work students preparedness for real-world practice. Social Work Education, 41(6), 1123–1140. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2021.1933931

15) Bocean, C. G., Nicolescu, M. M., Cazacu, M., & Dumitriu, S. (2022). The Role of Social Responsibility and Ethics in Employees’ Wellbeing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8838. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148838

16) Bodin, Ö., García, M. M., & Robins, G. (2020). Reconciling conflict and cooperation in environmental governance: A social network perspective. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 45(1), 471–495. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-011020-064352

17) Brown, L. K. T. and M. E. (2007). Ethical Leadership: A Developing Construct. In Positive Organizational Behavior: Accenruaring The Positive at Work (p. 102). SAGE Publications Ltd.

18) Bryman, A. (2004). Triangulation and measurement. Retrieved from Department of Social Sciences. Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire. www. referenceworld. Com/sage/socialscience/triangulation. Pdf.

19) Budirahayu, T., & Saud, M. (2021). Proposing an Integrated Multiculturalism Learning System: A Study from Indonesian Schools. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 30(2), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00521-1

20) Carayannis, E. G., & Morawska-Jancelewicz, J. (2022). The Futures of Europe: Society 5.0 and Industry 5.0 as Driving Forces of Future Universities. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13(4), 3445–3471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00854-2

21) Cerna, L., Mezzanotte, C., Rutigliano, A., Brussino, O., Santiago, P., Borgonovi, F., & Guthrie, C. (2021). Promoting inclusive education for diverse societies: A conceptual framework. In OECD Education Working Papers (Issue 260). OECD. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/paper/94ab68c6-en

22) Chiva-Bartoll, O., & Fernández-Rio, J. (2022). Advocating for Service-Learning as a pedagogical model in Physical Education: Towards an activist and transformative approach. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 27(5), 545–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2021.1911981

23) Dhiman, S. K. (2022). Holistic leadership for post-covid-19 organizations: perspectives and prospects. In S. K. Dhiman & J. F. Marques (Eds.), Leadership After COVID-19: Working Together Toward a Sustainable Future (pp. 1–16). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84867-5_1

24) Dhiman, S., & Kumar, V. (2020). New Horizons in Transformational Leadership: A Vedāntic Perspective on Values-Based Leadership. In S. Dhiman & J. Marques (Eds.), Management for Professionals: Vol. Part F430 (pp. 381–412). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38129-5_21

25) Dmytriyev, S. D., Freeman, R. E., & Hörisch, J. (2021). The Relationship between Stakeholder Theory and Corporate Social Responsibility: Differences, Similarities, and Implications for Social Issues in Management. Journal of Management Studies, 58(6), 1441–1470. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12684

26) Doria, N. G., & Simão, L. M. (2021). Psychological Development as History: Developing Notions of Historicity and Temporality in Vygotsky’s Work and Life. In P. Fossa (Ed.), Latin American Advances in Subjectivity and Development: Through the Vygotsky Route (pp. 63–81). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72953-0_5

27) Doussard, M., & Fulton, B. R. (2020). Organizing together: Benefits and drawbacks of community-labor coalitions for community organizations. Social Service Review, 94(1), 36–74. https://doi.org/10.1086/707568

28) Duong, H. K., Fasan, M., & Gotti, G. (2021). Living up to your codes? Corporate codes of ethics and the cost of equity capital. Management Decision, 60(13), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2020-1486

29) Elder, L., & Paul, R. (2007). Critical Thinking: The Nature of Critical and Creative Thought, Part II. Journal of Developmental Education, 30(3), 36–37. https://georgefox.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25122573&scope=site

30) Ellerton, D. P. (2022). On critical thinking and content knowledge: A critique of the assumptions of cognitive load theory. In Thinking Skills and Creativity (Vol. 43). MindRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100975

31) Ellestad, A. I., & Winton, B. G. (2023). Ethical decision-making: a culture influenced virtue specific model for multinational corporations. Ethics and Behavior, 33(8), 656–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2022.2122060

32) Esguerra, G. A., Jáuregui, K., & Espinosa, J. C. (2022). Ethical Leadership and Organizational Support for Creativity At Work. Creativity Studies, 15(2), 526–541. https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2022.14089

33) Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001

34) Fry, L. W., & Egel, E. (2021). Global leadership for sustainability. Sustainability, 13(11), 6360. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116360

35) Galdini, R., & De Nardis, S. (2021). Not only for-profit but sharing solidarity and promoting opportunities. A case study in Rome. In I. Qureshi, B. Bhatt, & D. M. Shukla (Eds.), Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid: Opportunities and Challenges (pp. 27–52). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_2

36) Grenberg, J. M. (2022). Kant’s deontological eudaemonism: the dutiful pursuit of virtue and happiness. Oxford University Press. https://academic.oup.com/book/44567

37) Guerra, J. B. S. O. A., Hoffmann, M., Bianchet, R. T., Medeiros, P., Provin, A. P., & Iunskovski, R. (2022). Sustainable development goals and ethics: building “the future we want.” Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24(7), 9407–9428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01831-0

38) Gunawan, J., Permatasari, P., & Tilt, C. (2020). Sustainable development goal disclosures: Do they support responsible consumption and production? Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 118989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118989

39) Gutberlet, J. (2021). Grassroots waste picker organizations are addressing the UN sustainable development goals. World Development, 138, 105195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105195

40) Hariram, N. P., Mekha, K. B., Suganthan, V., & Sudhakar, K. (2023). Sustainalism: An Integrated Socio-Economic-Environmental Model to Address Sustainable Development and Sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(13), 10682. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310682

41) Harris, E., Franz, A., & O’Hara, S. (2023). Promoting Social Equity and Building Resilience through Value-Inclusive Design. Buildings, 13(8), 2081. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082081

42) Harris, S. G. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization, by Peter Senge, New York: Doubleday/Currency, 1990. Human Resource Management, 29(3), 343–348. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930290308

43) Hatch, J. A. (2023). Doing Qualitative Research in Education Settings. In Doing Qualitative Research in Education Settings. State University of New York Press. https://doi.org/10.1353/book4583

44) Huda, M., Nor Muhamad, N. H., Isyanto, P., Muhamat, R., Marni, N., Ahmad Kilani, M., & Safar, J. (2020). Building harmony in a diverse society: insights from practical wisdom. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 36(2), 149–165. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-11-2017-0208

45) Hughes, S., & Hoffmann, M. (2020). Just urban transitions: Toward a research agenda. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 11(3), e640. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.640

46) Ilyas, S., Abid, G., & Ashfaq, F. (2020). Ethical leadership in sustainable organizations: The moderating role of general self-efficacy and the mediating role of organizational trust. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 22, 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.03.003

47) Ilyas, S., Abid, G., & Ashfaq, F. (2023). Enhancing the perceived organizational support, ethical-philanthropic CSR and subjective well-being: the role of ethical leadership. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 39(4), 713–736. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-04-2022-0084

48) Inoue, Y., Lock, D., Gillooly, L., Shipway, R., & Swanson, S. (2022). The organizational identification and well-being framework: theorizing about how sports organizations contribute to crisis response and recovery. Sport Management Review, 25(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2021.1911496

49) Jackson, B. W. (2014). Theory and Practice of Multicultural Organization Development. The NTL Handbook of Organization Development and Change: Principles, Practices, and Perspectives: Second Edition, 175–192. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118836170.ch9

50) Karim, A., Bakhtiar, A., Sahrodi, J., & Chang, P. H. (2022). Spiritual leadership behaviors in religious workplace: the case of pesantren. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2022.2076285

51) Kumar, S., Sahoo, S., Lim, W. M., & Dana, L. P. (2022). Religion as a social shaping force in entrepreneurship and business: Insights from a technology-empowered systematic literature review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121393

52) Latif, K. F., Sajjad, A., Bashir, R., Shaukat, M. B., Khan, M. B., & Sahibzada, U. F. (2020). Revisiting the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational performance: The mediating role of team outcomes. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(4), 1630–1641. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1911

53) Li, B., Yu, W., Lei, Y., & Hu, M. (2023). How does spiritual leadership inspire employees’ innovative behavior? The role of psychological capital and intrinsic motivation. Revue Europeenne de Psychologie Appliquee, 73(6), 100905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2023.100905

54) Lieto, A., Pozzato, G. L., Striani, M., Zoia, S., & Damiano, R. (2023). DEGARI 2.0: A diversity-seeking, explainable, and effective art recommender for social inclusion. Cognitive Systems Research, 77, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2022.10.001

55) Lo, P., Allard, B., Anghelescu, H. G. B., Xin, Y., Chiu, D. K. W., & Stark, A. J. (2020). Transformational leadership practice in the world’s leading academic libraries. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 52(4), 972–999. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000619897991

56) López Jiménez, D., Dittmar, E. C., & Vargas Portillo, J. P. (2021). New Directions in Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics: Codes of Conduct in the Digital Environment. Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04753-z

57) Lupova-Henry, E., Blili, S., & Dal Zotto, C. (2021). Designing organized clusters as social actors: a meta-organizational approach. Journal of Organization Design, 10(1), 35–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41469-021-00092-5

58) Mabrur, A., & Pardjono. (2020). The True Leaders and Leadership: From The Narratives of Emha Ainun Nadjib. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201221.001

59) Makuch, K. E., & Aczel, M. R. (2020). Eco-Citizen Science for Social Good: Promoting Child Well-Being, Environmental Justice, and Inclusion. Research on Social Work Practice, 30(2), 219–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731519890404

60) Maras, K., & Shand, B. (2023). Critical and Creative Thinking as a Form of Making in Art Education. Studies in Art Education, 64(1), 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00393541.2022.2154523

61) McCullough, L. B. (1989). Moral dimensions of leadership. In The Journal of the American College of Dentists (Vol. 56, Issue 1). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203983225-12

62) Mukholik, A. (2022). Emha Ainun Nadjib’s Qur’an Reception on Maiyah Community. Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities, 7(2), 177–193. https://doi.org/10.18326/mlt.v7i2.7046

63) Mutavdžija, M., Globočnik Žunac, A., & Čanadi, V. (2020). Quality Through the Prism of Social Responsibility. Quality – Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, 21(1), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.30657/hdmk.2020.11

64) Naeem, M., Ozuem, W., Howell, K., & Ranfagni, S. (2023). A Step-by-Step Process of Thematic Analysis to Develop a Conceptual Model in Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22, 16094069231205788. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231205789

65) Newman, S., & Latifi, A. (2021). Vygotsky, education, and teacher education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 47(1), 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1831375

66) Nilsson, A. (2023). Measurement Invariance of Moral Foundations across Population Strata. Journal of Personality Assessment, 105(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2022.2074853

67) Nowlin, M. C., Trochmann, M., & Rabovsky, T. M. (2022). Advocacy coalitions and political control. Politics and Policy, 50(2), 201–224. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12458

68) Oliveira-Duarte, L., Reis, D. A., Fleury, A. L., Vasques, R. A., Fonseca Filho, H., Koria, M., & Baruque-Ramos, J. (2021). Innovation Ecosystem framework directed to Sustainable Development Goal #17 partnerships implementation. Sustainable Development, 29(5), 1018–1036. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2191

69) Padilla-Rivera, A., Russo-Garrido, S., & Merveille, N. (2020). Addressing the social aspects of a circular economy: A systematic literature review. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 7912. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12197912

70) Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2001). Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your learning and your life (Vol. 428). Rowman & Littlefield.

71) Pineo, H. (2022). Towards healthy urbanism: inclusive, equitable and sustainable (THRIVES)–an urban design and planning framework from theory to praxis. Cities and Health, 6(5), 974–992. https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2020.1769527

72) Pratama, R. K. (2018, March 4). Pusparagam dimensi pemikiran cak nun. CakNun.com. https://www.caknun.com/2018/pusparagam-dimensi-pemikiran-cak-nun/

73) Pratt, B., Cheah, P. Y., & Marsh, V. (2020). Solidarity and Community Engagement in Global Health Research. American Journal of Bioethics, 20(5), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2020.1745930

74) Prendeville, P., & Kinsella, W. (2022). Ethics, values, and Values Based Practice in educational psychology. Cambridge Journal of Education, 52(6), 735–757. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2022.2047893

75) Rahal, L. (2023). (Mis)representations of Kant’s moral theory in applied ethics textbooks: emphasis on universalizability, absence of autonomy. International Journal of Ethics Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-023-00182-w

76) Rahayu, E., Nurwahidin, N., & Chotib, C. (2023). Analysis of the Level of Political Participation of the Kenduri Cinta Community in Jakarta. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(12), 3071–3079. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i12.634

77) Ramesh, S. (2022). The Theories of Cognitive Development. In S. Ramesh (Ed.), The Political Economy of Human Behaviour and Economic Development (pp. 143–180). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12666-6_4

78) Ramlackhan, K., & Catania, N. (2022). Fostering creativity, equity, and inclusion through social justice praxis. Power and Education, 14(3), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1177/17577438221114717

79) Rivas, S. F., Saiz, C., & Almeida, L. S. (2023). The Role of Critical Thinking in Predicting and Improving Academic Performance. Sustainability, 15(2), 1527. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021527

80) Roszkowska, P., & Melé, D. (2021). Organizational Factors in the Individual Ethical Behaviour. The Notion of the “Organizational Moral Structure.” Humanistic Management Journal, 6(2), 187–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41463-020-00080-z

81) Schiuma, G., Schettini, E., Santarsiero, F., & Carlucci, D. (2022). The transformative leadership compass: six competencies for digital transformation entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 28(5), 1273–1291. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2021-0087

82) Setrana, M. B. (2022). Promoting Peace and Managing Farmer-Herder Conflict: The Role of Civil Society Organizations in Agogo, Ghana. African Studies Review, 65(2), 430–454. https://doi.org/10.1017/asr.2021.92

83) Shah, S. H. A., Cheema, S., Al-Ghazali, B. M., Ali, M., & Rafiq, N. (2021). Perceived corporate social responsibility and pro-environmental behaviors: The role of organizational identification and coworker pro-environmental advocacy. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1), 366–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2054

84) Smith, S. G., & Sinkford, J. C. (2022). Gender equality in the 21st century: Overcoming barriers to women’s leadership in global health. Journal of Dental Education, 86(9), 1144–1173. https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.13059

85) Srimulyani, V. A., & Hermanto, Y. B. (2022). Organizational culture as a mediator of credible leadership influence on work engagement: empirical studies in private hospitals in East Java, Indonesia. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01289-z

86) Stanley, D. A., & Gilzene, A. (2023). Listening, Engaging, Advocating and Partnering (L.E.A.P): A Model for Responsible Community Engagement for Educational Leaders. Journal of Research on Leadership Education, 18(2), 253–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/19427751221076409

87) Suprapto, Y., Wasino, W., Arsal, T., & P, A. S. (2022). Sinau Bareng With Cak Nun And Kiai Kanjeng In Religious Diversity Perspective ( Case Study Of Sinau Bareng Activities Implementation In Batu Malang City. Iset, 8, 49–52. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/ISET/article/view/1720

88) Tee, E. Y. J., & binti Raja Reza Shah, R. I. A. (2023). Self-transcendent emotions and their influence on organizational effectiveness: A literature review and synthesis. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 26(1), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12550

89) Teng, M. F., & Yue, M. (2023). Metacognitive writing strategies, critical thinking skills, and academic writing performance: A structural equation modeling approach. Metacognition and Learning, 18(1), 237–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-022-09328-5

90) Thakadipuram, T. (2024). Servant leadership and spiritual intelligence: a synergistic approach. In T. Thakadipuram (Ed.), Leadership Wholeness, Volume 2: Application of the Spiritual Intelligence Model (pp. 169–231). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28967-5_5

91) Theissen, M. H., Theissen, H. H., & Gümüsay, A. A. (2024). Self‐transcendent leadership: A meta‐perspective. European Management Review, emre.12640. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12640

92) Thomas, E., Walton, M., Baker-Olson, A., Blaber, I., Parker, R., & Becton, M. (2021). Collaborative Agency in Civic and Community Engagement: Narratives of College Students Working Toward Generative Partnerships. Journal of Adolescent Research, 36(1), 3–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558420955035

93) Thorpe, L. (2024). Immanuel kant and deontology. In M. Hemmingsen (Ed.), Ethical Theory in Global Perspective (pp. 191–206). SUNY Press. https://philarchive.org/rec/THOIKA-3

94) Tilley, E., Strnadová, I., Danker, J., Walmsley, J., & Loblinzk, J. (2020). The impact of self-advocacy organizations on the subjective well-being of people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic literature review. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(6), 1151–1165. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12752

95) Treviño, L. K., Den Nieuwenboer, N. A., & Kish-Gephart, J. J. (2014). Unethical behavior in organizations. Annual Review of Psychology, 65(1), 635–640. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143745

96) Treviño, L. K., Nieuwenboer, N. A. den, & Kish-Gephart, J. (2024). A positive behavioral ethics perspective on organizational integrity. In Research Handbook on Organisational Integrity (pp. 129–161). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://www.elgaronline.com/edcollchap/book/9781803927930/book-part-9781803927930-16.xml

97) Van Bruchem-Visser, R. L., van Dijk, G., de Beaufort, I., & Mattace-Raso, F. (2020). Ethical frameworks for complex medical decision making in older patients: A narrative review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 90, 104160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104160

98) Van Wessel, M., Hilhorst, D., Schulpen, L., & Biekart, K. (2020). Government and civil society organizations: Close but comfortable? Lessons from creating the Dutch “Strategic Partnerships for Lobby and Advocacy.” Development Policy Review, 38(6), 728–746. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12453

99) Vasconcelos, A. F. (2020). Spiritual intelligence: a theoretical synthesis and work-life potential linkages. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(1), 109–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-04-2019-1733

100) Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: development of higher psychological processes (M. Cole, V. Jolm-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman (eds.)). Harvard University Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvjf9vz4

101) Walsh-Soucheray, K. (2022). Critical Thinking Skills: Developing a Course to Guide our World toward Ethical Decision-Making. Current Research in Psychology and Behavioral Science (CRPBS), 3(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.54026/crpbs/1038

102) Wannewitz, M., & Garschagen, M. (2024). The role of social identities for collective adaptation capacities– general considerations and lessons from Jakarta, Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 100, 104194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104194

103) Wickert, C. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility Research in the Journal of Management Studies: A Shift from a Business-Centric to a Society-Centric Focus. Journal of Management Studies, 58(8), E1–E17. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12775

104) Yaacob, A., Mohd Asraf, R., Hussain, R. M. R., & Ismail, S. N. (2020). Empowering Learners’ Reflective Thinking through Collaborative Reflective Learning. International Journal of Instruction, 14(1), 709–726. https://doi.org/10.29333/IJI.2021.14143A

105) Yim, M. C. (2021). Fake, Faulty, and Authentic Stand-Taking: What Determines the Legitimacy of Corporate Social Advocacy? International Journal of Strategic Communication, 15(1), 60–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2020.1856853

106) Yuli, N. (2023). Sebaran Jumlah Suku di Indonesia. Indonesia.Go.Id. https://indonesia.go.id/mediapublik/detail/2071

107) Yuni Suprapto et al. (2023). Maiyah Juguran Syafaat: Implementation Of Emha Ainun Najib ’ S Religious Thought In Sinau Bareng Activities Based On Multiculturalism. Procedia of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), 2. https://so09.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PMR/article/view/760

108) Zheng, Y., Epitropaki, O., Graham, L., & Caveney, N. (2022). Ethical Leadership and Ethical Voice: The Mediating Mechanisms of Value Internalization and Integrity Identity. Journal of Management, 48(4), 973–1002. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211002611
Volume 07 Issue 03 March 2024

Indexed In

Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar